List of L1 companies in Web3 (2026)

Ethereum Mainnet is a Layer 1 blockchain network that executes smart contracts and processes transactions through a Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism. It supports the EVM, allowing developers to deploy decentralized applications and ERC-20 tokens against a shared onchain state. The network secures transactions via validators that stake ETH as collateral and earn rewards for honest validation.

Solana Mainnet is a Layer 1 blockchain that uses Proof of History to timestamp transactions before consensus, enabling parallel rather than sequential execution. The architecture combines Tower BFT consensus with the Sealevel runtime, reducing validator communication overhead while securing the network through Proof of Stake. The chain supports SPL tokens and high-throughput applications like order books and payments.

Bitcoin Network is a Layer 1 blockchain that orders and timestamps transactions through Proof-of-Work consensus, with miners adding blocks to a public distributed ledger. The system protects against double spending and historical tampering by requiring economic cost to extend or rewrite the chain. The network secures peer-to-peer transfers of BTC and underpins the broader Bitcoin asset ecosystem including Layer 2 networks like Lightning.

BNB Chain is a decentralized blockchain network designed for developing and deploying smart contracts, dApps, and supporting DeFi. It operates as a scalable Layer 1 platform, offering fast transaction processing and low fees, making it suitable for a wide range of blockchain applications. The network is compatible with the EVM and is focused on fostering a robust ecosystem for Web3 developers.

TRON is an L1 network that uses Delegated Proof of Stake consensus with EVM-compatible smart contract execution, enabling high-throughput decentralized applications and asset transfers. The system processes thousands of transactions per second through an Energy and Bandwidth resource model, providing infrastructure for high-volume payments, decentralized finance, and autonomous AI agent payments.

Avalanche Network is a Layer 1 blockchain platform that uses a consensus protocol based on repeated subsampled voting, combining classical and Nakamoto-style designs for sub-second finality. The platform features three integrated chains P-Chain, X-Chain, and C-Chain that handle staking, asset issuance, and EVM smart contracts, respectively. The network supports horizontal scaling through custom Layer 1 deployments.

TON Blockchain is a layer-1 network providing independent consensus and native settlement for The Open Network ecosystem. It uses multi-level dynamic sharding through a masterchain coordinator, splitting transaction processing across multiple workchains and shardchains that scale horizontally under load. The architecture supports the full TON stack including Storage, DNS, Proxy, and Payments while maintaining atomic cross-shard message routing.

Aptos Mainnet is a Layer 1 blockchain built with the Move programming language for resource-oriented smart contract execution. The network processes transactions in parallel through Block-STM and uses BFT-based consensus to provide sub-second finality with low transaction fees. It supports DeFi, payments, gaming, and enterprise applications with native account abstraction and on-chain upgradeability.

A Layer 1 blockchain that provides shared security and cross-chain messaging for connected rollups and parachains. The relay chain coordinates validator consensus, validates transactions across the network, and allocates blockspace through a coretime marketplace that replaced fixed parachain slot auctions.

Sui implements object-centric blockchain architecture through Move programming language, enabling parallel transaction processing and horizontal scaling. The system achieves sub-second finality while maintaining low transaction costs through innovative consensus mechanisms.

Cardano Blockchain is a proof-of-stake Layer 1 protocol using the Ouroboros consensus mechanism, supporting smart contracts through the EUTXO model and native multi-asset functionality. The system processes transactions through epoch-based slot leadership selection while maintaining decentralized validation across stake pools.

Cosmos Hub is the first blockchain in the Cosmos ecosystem, providing security and interoperability infrastructure for the network through proof-of-stake consensus and IBC protocol support.

XRP Ledger is a decentralized L1 blockchain that processes transactions through consensus protocol, enabling fast settlements in 3-5 seconds. The system supports native token issuance, built-in DEX functionality, and cross-currency payments while maintaining energy efficiency through consensus validation.

Stellar Network is a layer-1 blockchain network providing a framework for developers to create applications, issue assets, write smart contracts, and connect to existing financial rails with fast finality and real-time transaction processing. Protocol 25 (X-Ray) added native zero-knowledge cryptographic primitives BN254 elliptic curve and Poseidon/Poseidon2 hash functions enabling developers to build compliance-forward, privacy-preserving applications without compromising network transparency.

Gnosis Chain is a community-owned EVM-compatible network with low gas fees and fast transaction times.

NEAR Blockchain is a sharded Layer 1 protocol implementing Nightshade consensus for parallel transaction processing across multiple validator-operated shards. The network utilizes Doomslug consensus mechanism providing practical finality after one communication round and full BFT finality after two rounds. Smart contracts execute via WebAssembly runtime supporting JavaScript and Rust languages, with 30% of transaction fees rebated to contract developers and 70% burned to reduce supply.

Hyperliquid L1 is a blockchain built for on-chain trading. It helps users execute trades efficiently by integrating an order book into the network.

Berachain Network implements EVM-identical execution through BeaconKit consensus layer, enabling single-slot finality and Proof-of-Liquidity validation. The system coordinates validator incentives with liquidity provision while maintaining full Ethereum compatibility.

The Algorand mainnet processes transactions and executes smart contracts with instant finality through Pure Proof-of-Stake consensus. The network eliminates forks by design, settling transactions in seconds with low fees. Validators participate permissionlessly while the protocol maintains energy efficiency and supports post-quantum cryptographic standards.

Public, open-source, and permissionless blockchain with high speed and low fees.

Sonic is an EVM-compatible L1 blockchain that achieves 400,000 TPS with sub-second finality through advanced consensus mechanisms, database storage optimization, and virtual machine enhancements. The platform includes Fee Monetization allowing developers to earn up to 90% of generated network fees.

Hedera Network operates a public distributed ledger using hashgraph consensus with integrated services for smart contract execution, native token management, consensus timestamping, and file storage. The network implements EVM-compatible smart contracts through Besu virtual machine, enables token creation without contracts through Hedera Token Service supporting ERC-20 and ERC-721 standards, provides decentralized message ordering through Hedera Consensus Service, and offers distributed file storage with controlled mutability. Transactions process through leaderless consensus using gossip-about-gossip protocol and virtual voting to achieve asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance with proof-of-stake validation.

Pulsar Chain is a Layer 1 blockchain that integrates zero-knowledge proof capabilities from Mina Protocol with the Cosmos SDK to extend ZK-based verification across interconnected networks. The implementation covers Mina-native proving, public-key mappings, and transaction flows embedding Mina signatures into Cosmos SDK payloads. A bridge module connects to the Cosmos ecosystem and, through IBC, to a wider range of assets and applications.

Tezos implements a self-amending blockchain through on-chain governance, enabling protocol upgrades without hard forks. The system uses Proof of Stake consensus while supporting formal verification for smart contracts.

Substrate-based blockchain implementing Yuma Consensus for AI incentive mechanisms, enabling decentralized subnet coordination and TAO token emissions through stake-weighted validation of machine intelligence outputs.

GateChain implements proof-of-stake consensus for digital asset transfers with vault account functionality and transaction revocability features. The network processes up to 2,745 transactions per second with 4-second block times using GT for transaction fees and staking.

Moonbeam is an Ethereum-compatible L1 parachain on Polkadot for deploying smart contracts with cross-chain interoperability.

Monad is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain with high throughput and sub‑second finality. It uses parallel execution, asynchronous consensus, and a custom state database to improve performance while keeping Ethereum bytecode compatibility.

Kava Network is a Layer-1 blockchain that combines a Cosmos SDK chain and an EVM-compatible Ethereum Co-Chain so developers can deploy smart-contract applications that access both Cosmos IBC assets and Ethereum tooling.

Filecoin Network is a Layer 1 blockchain that enables decentralized data storage through economic incentives, connecting storage providers with clients via cryptographic proofs and smart contracts.

Dash Core is a Layer 1 blockchain through X11 algorithm and two-tier architecture, enabling instant verification and secure transactions. The system utilizes ChainLocks and InstantSend for fast settlement while maintaining security through masternode consensus.

Plume Chain is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain engineered for real-world asset tokenization and DeFi integration. The protocol provides modular infrastructure supporting automated compliance screening at the sequencer level, native cross-chain messaging via LayerZero integration, and composable tokenized asset deployment through standardized ERC-4626 and ERC-7540 vault architectures for institutional RWA strategies.

Witnet Protocol is a layer 1 Proof of Stake blockchain purpose-built for oracle functionality, enabling validator nodes to retrieve external data, reach consensus, and deliver information to smart contracts on multiple blockchain platforms through bridge connections. The blockchain maintains short block time with economic incentives where validators stake WIT tokens to participate in block production and data request resolution, earning rewards for accurate reporting while risking slashed collateral for dishonest behavior. The network employs cryptographic commitments and algorithmic reputation scoring to ensure data integrity, with validators competing for assignments based on past performance and staked collateral.

Wanchain L1 operates as an EVM-compatible Proof of Stake blockchain using Galaxy Consensus mechanism, providing the foundation for cross-chain infrastructure while supporting smart contracts and privacy features through ring signatures.

The core EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain platform that provides 1-second block times, 4,000 TPS capacity, and immediate finality. It serves as the foundational infrastructure for the entire ecosystem.

Converge is a blockchain settlement layer for traditional finance and digital dollars, enabling tokenized asset issuance and institutional-grade financial applications. The platform features sub-second block times through Arbitrum Orbit architecture and uses USDe and other digital dollar assets as native gas tokens.

A Layer‑1 blockchain optimized for DePIN and real‑world AI, enabling secure settlement and transactions between machines and physical networks.

Plasma is a layer 1 blockchain designed for stablecoin payments, featuring zero-fee USD₮ transfers, custom gas tokens, and confidential transactions. The network uses PlasmaBFT consensus to process thousands of transactions per second with sub-second finality, enabling developers to build payment applications with full EVM compatibility.

XDC Network is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain for decentralized applications, trade finance, and real-world asset tokenization. It uses delegated proof-of-stake and provides fast, low-cost transactions.

Router Chain is a Proof-of-Stake Layer-1 blockchain built using Cosmos SDK with Tendermint Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus, designed to enable secure cross-chain communication and interoperability. The blockchain validates state changes both within and outside its network through validator nodes with economic incentives, supporting CosmWasm smart contracts for building cross-chain decentralized applications. Router Chain provides infrastructure for cross-chain meta transactions, stateful bridging, transaction batching, and atomic operations across multiple blockchain networks, serving developers building interoperable dApps and users requiring multi-chain functionality.

Alchemy Chain is a Layer 1 blockchain designed for stablecoin-driven global payments, featuring fixed ACH gas fees, FIFO transaction processing, and on-chain conversion rates for cross-border remittances.

KCC implements Proof of Staked Authority consensus through optimized block validation, enabling high-performance transaction processing with 3-second confirmations. The system supports Ethereum Virtual Machine compatibility while maintaining low transaction costs using KCS as native gas token.

Whitechain is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain platform built on go-ethereum protocol with Proof of Authority consensusm providing smart contract execution and dApp development infrastructure.

A public, proof-of-stake Layer 1 blockchain optimized for institutional-grade real-world assets. Features RWA staking for network security, enshrined oracles, permissioned validators, and native cross-chain bridging capabilities.

Shentu Chain is an L1 chain with delegated proof-of-stake consensus through Cosmos SDK architecture, providing security-focused blockchain infrastructure for decentralized applications. The system processes transactions while maintaining cross-chain interoperability through formal verification integration.

Mixin Network operates as a layer-1 blockchain using PoS consensus with BFT-DAG architecture, enabling cross-chain asset transfers and sub-second transaction finality. The network supports multiple blockchains through trusted execution environments while maintaining zero transaction fees.

Pythnet is an application-specific blockchain built on Solana codebase that aggregates first-party price data at sub-second speeds for the Pyth oracle network. The blockchain processes price updates from data publishers and delivers aggregated pricing to other blockchains via Wormhole cross-chain messaging protocol. Pythnet enables price feed scaling to tens of thousands of updates per second with 400ms slot times.

BandChain is a blockchain built using the Cosmos SDK and optimized for oracle data requests and computations. The network uses delegated proof-of-stake consensus with validators staking BAND tokens to secure the network and process data requests. BandChain achieves average block finality of 3 seconds and resolves data requests in under 6 seconds through its specialized architecture for oracle operations.

Kusama Relay Chain is a public Layer-1 blockchain providing shared security and interoperability for parachains and applications built for rapid innovation.

A modular Layer-1 blockchain that coordinates Universal Accounts across chains and unifies users and liquidity. It exposes three core capabilities—Universal Accounts, Universal Liquidity, and Universal Gas—so dApps can be chain‑agnostic while users keep one address and balance and can pay gas with any token.

Fetch Network implements Cosmos SDK-based blockchain through Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism, enabling agent registration, smart contract execution, and cross-chain interoperability. The network provides CosmWasm support while maintaining transaction finality and validator staking capabilities.

Oraichain Mainnet is a Layer 1 blockchain built on Cosmos SDK with delegated proof-of-stake consensus, enabling AI oracle services and cross-chain data verification. The network provides IBC compatibility for trustless communication with other Cosmos chains while supporting CosmWasm smart contracts for AI-enhanced dApp deployment. Validators secure the network through ORAI token staking and execute oracle scripts that verify AI API responses through test case validation before writing data on-chain.

StaFi Chain is a Layer 1 blockchain built on the Polkadot Substrate framework, serving as the consensus and governance layer of the StaFi Protocol. It uses Nominated Proof-of-Stake (NPoS) consensus with FIS as the native staking and governance token, supporting FIS transfers, multi-signature accounts, and on-chain staking rewards. The chain launched mainnet on 7 September 2020 and is accessible via a Polkadot.js-based explorer and Subscan.

Layer-1 blockchain built on Cosmos SDK designed for AI workloads, featuring verifiable AI execution, decentralized GPU marketplace, and tokenized data infrastructure.

Bifrost Network is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain using proof of stake for fast, low-cost transactions. The network runs smart contracts and supports native cross-chain operations.

Monero Network is a decentralized blockchain platform that validates transactions through a proof-of-work consensus mechanism using the RandomX algorithm. The network maintains transaction privacy through ring signatures that obscure sender identities, stealth addresses that hide recipient information, and RingCT technology that conceals transaction amounts. Network participants mine blocks approximately every two minutes, with tail emission providing perpetual mining incentives after the initial supply distribution.

Flare Network is a full-stack layer 1 blockchain designed for data-intensive use cases, featuring enshrined data protocols and EVM compatibility. The network provides fast finality with 1.8-second average block times and enables developers to access external blockchain data and real-world APIs through its native oracle infrastructure.

A Layer 1 blockchain implementing zero-knowledge proof cryptography for optional transaction privacy. The network operates using Proof-of-Work consensus with the Equihash mining algorithm, processing blocks every 75 seconds. Zcash supports dual address types: transparent addresses for public transactions and shielded addresses using zk-SNARKs to encrypt sender, receiver, and amount data. The protocol maintains a 21 million coin supply cap with block rewards distributed to miners and ecosystem development funding. Users can choose transaction privacy levels and include encrypted memo fields for private messaging.

Supra Layer 1 is a high-performance blockchain with MultiVM support for Move, EVM, Solana, and CosmWasm, featuring native oracles, automation, and cross-chain messaging with 500k TPS throughput and sub-second finality.

A dual-token blockchain providing high-performance smart contract execution and consensus mechanisms optimized for enterprise applications requiring privacy and scalability.

Conflux eSpace is a public Layer 1 blockchain using a hybrid PoW and PoS consensus with a Tree-Graph ledger structure that allows concurrent block processing. Two execution environments operate over the same consensus and share the CFX token: Core Space, which uses Conflux's native protocol with storage collateral and a fee sponsorship mechanism for gas payments; and eSpace, a fully EVM-compatible layer that accepts standard Ethereum tooling and wallets. CFX transfers between spaces are handled by an internal CrossSpaceCall contract.

IOTA Mainnet is a Move-based Layer 1 blockchain with an object-centric architecture for decentralized applications, supporting high throughput, fast finality, and staking for network security.

dYdX Chain operates as an independent Layer 1 blockchain built with Cosmos SDK and Tendermint Proof-of-Stake consensus. The blockchain facilitates perpetual contract and spot trading through a fully decentralized order book and matching engine, processing transactions with validators securing the network through DYDX token staking.

Manta Atlantic functions as a Polkadot parachain implementing zero-knowledge proof technology for privacy-preserving identity credentials through zkSBTs. The network utilizes Substrate framework enabling zkNFT minting, staking operations, and zkAddress system providing UTXO-based private addressing alongside public account addresses. Operations integrate with Polkadot relay chain for consensus security.

SORA Network is a Substrate-based L1 blockchain featuring algorithmic token supply management through a Token Bonding Curve, on-chain governance via the SORA Parliament, and native DeFi primitives for asset swaps and liquidity provision. The network operates as an independent chain with parachain connections to Kusama and Polkadot relay chains, enabling cross-ecosystem interoperability.

Osmosis Chain is a proof-of-stake Layer 1 blockchain built on Cosmos SDK as an application-specific blockchain for decentralized exchange operations. The chain uses Tendermint consensus and Inter-Blockchain Communication protocol for cross-chain asset transfers across multiple blockchain ecosystems. The system supports Superfluid Staking for combined liquidity provision and network security, captures MEV on-chain through its Protocol Revenue module, and offers smart accounts with multi-token gas payment options.

BounceBit Chain provides dual-token PoS consensus using Bitcoin and BB tokens for network security, enabling EVM-compatible smart contracts while leveraging Bitcoin's security model for institutional-grade infrastructure.

Core Chain is an EVM-compatible Layer-1 blockchain using Satoshi Plus consensus, which integrates Delegated Proof of Work from Bitcoin miners, Delegated Proof of Stake from CORE token holders, and self-custodial Bitcoin staking via Bitcoin's native CLTV timelock opcode. Validators are elected each round based on a hybrid score across all three delegation sources. The network produces blocks with sub-cent gas fees and supports Solidity smart contracts, DeFi protocols, NFTs, and cross-chain bridges.

Metal Blockchain provides Layer 1 blockchain infrastructure for financial institutions using Avalanche consensus protocols, enabling creation of private subnets with BSA compliance and interoperability features.

Internet Computer Protocol is a L1 blockchain that extends the internet with native computing functionality, enabling smart contracts to serve web content directly and interact with other blockchains through chain-key cryptography.

XT Smart Chain is a public EVM-compatible blockchain that uses XT as the native gas token and supports smart-contract deployment.

Layer-1 EVM-compatible blockchain secured by Proof-of-Stake with native KUB coin.

MegaChain is an L1 blockchain that coordinates the MegaYours ecosystem through Chromia's relational architecture, enabling horizontal scalability via app chains and processing usage fees denominated in MEGA. The chain serves as the central settlement and state-coordination layer for cross-chain asset operations, facilitating metadata verification across connected networks.

Nyx is a Cosmos SDK-based Layer 1 blockchain serving as the financial and credential layer of the Nym ecosystem. Validators manage CosmWasm smart contracts governing node operator token economics and distribute $NYM staking rewards. Nyx validators also issue threshold-signed zk-nym anonymous credentials using the Coconut protocol, enabling unlinkable network access. The chain supports IBC cross-chain transfers for the $NYM utility token.

Canton Network implements privacy-enabled blockchain infrastructure through Daml smart contracts and sync domains, enabling institutional asset tokenization and confidential transactions. The system provides sub-transaction privacy while maintaining real-time synchronization across participant nodes through the Global Synchronizer protocol.

MultiversX Blockchain operates as a Layer 1 protocol using adaptive state sharding, enabling parallel transaction processing across multiple shards. The system maintains network security through Secure Proof of Stake consensus while supporting WASM-based smart contracts and native asset creation.

A Cosmos SDK blockchain using Tendermint BFT consensus that serves as the settlement, governance, and coordination layer for the Lava protocol. The chain manages validator staking, provider registration, subscription payments, quality-of-service dispute resolution, and decentralized governance for blockchain data access infrastructure.

Chiliz Chain is an EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain using Proof of Staked Authority consensus mechanism, enabling sports organizations and developers to deploy decentralized applications for fan engagement. The network operates with validator nodes from sports teams, blockchain companies, and enterprise partners, facilitating transaction finality in seconds with sub-cent transaction fees denominated in CHZ.

Celestia Mainnet operates a proof-of-stake blockchain implementing data availability sampling through erasure coding and namespaced Merkle trees, enabling light nodes to verify block data availability without downloading entire blocks. The network processes PayForBlobs transactions for rollups to publish data, with blocks initially sized between 2MB and 8MB, upgradeable through governance. Built on Cosmos SDK with modified Tendermint consensus, the system separates consensus and data availability from execution, allowing developers to deploy custom rollups using Celestia as the base layer.

Swisstronik Network is a Layer 1 blockchain with EVM compatibility and hardware-based encryption for private smart contract execution. The network uses Cosmos SDK architecture with Tendermint consensus while integrating Intel SGX trusted execution environments to enable confidential data processing. Developers deploy Solidity smart contracts with encrypted state management and encrypted RPC endpoints for regulatory-compliant decentralized applications.

Layer 1 blockchain that provides a native EVM execution layer alongside a Scilla smart contract layer. Features x-shards with configurable gas fees, block times, and privacy settings. Uses Fast-HotStuff Proof-of-Stake consensus. Mainnet on ChainId 32769.

GUNZ is a permissioned EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain built as a subnet within the Avalanche ecosystem, designed for game-native digital asset infrastructure. It provides the foundational layer for in-game economies, NFT minting, and transaction processing across blockchain-integrated games. GUN serves as the native currency for gas fees and validator rewards, with cross-chain connectivity to Avalanche C-Chain and Solana via LayerZero.

Agoric is a Layer 1 blockchain built on Cosmos SDK with CometBFT consensus, enabling JavaScript smart contracts through hardened JavaScript and Zoe framework. The platform supports asynchronous multi-block execution with on-chain timers, native IBC and Axelar GMP integration for cross-chain orchestration, and includes Smart Wallet infrastructure for offer-safe interactions with decentralized applications.

Astar Network operates as a Layer 1 blockchain on Substrate, functioning as a Polkadot parachain with dual smart contract execution supporting Ethereum Virtual Machine and WebAssembly environments. The platform enables cross-chain interoperability through Polkadot's relay chain architecture and distributes block rewards between validators and developers via a dApp staking mechanism.

ZIGChain is a Cosmos SDK-based Layer 1 blockchain with EVM compatibility that uses Tendermint BFT consensus for transaction finality. The chain integrates a Wealth Management Engine for on-chain fund management, supporting IBC cross-chain communication and native ZIG token staking for network security and governance.

Iron Fish implements a proof-of-work Layer-1 blockchain using zero-knowledge proofs to encrypt every transaction, enabling private transfers of digital assets. The system utilizes zk-SNARKs for validation while maintaining compliance through view keys and WebRTC networking for peer-to-peer connections.

peaq Network is a layer-1 blockchain designed for DePINs and the Machine Economy, featuring modular functions for machine identities, access control, payments, and data verification. The network provides high throughput, low fees, specialized infrastructure for connecting billions of devices, and developer SDKs for JavaScript, Kotlin, Swift, and Flutter

Elixir Network is a modular DPoS blockchain designed for institutional-scale liquidity provision. The network enables decentralized market making across orderbook exchanges through validator consensus and fraud proofs posted to Ethereum mainnet.

PlatON is a Layer 1 blockchain implementing privacy-preserving computation through cryptographic algorithms including verifiable computing, secure multi-party computation, and zero-knowledge proofs. The system supports EVM and WASM virtual machines, features MTool for validator management, and includes PlatScan block explorer for network analytics.

VeChainThor is a Layer 1 blockchain with EVM compatibility, fee delegation, and a dual‑token model (VET/VTHO) to keep transaction costs predictable for users.

Babylon Genesis is a Cosmos SDK-based L1 blockchain that serves as the first Bitcoin Supercharged Network, utilizing both Bitcoin and BABY token staking through dual consensus mechanisms. The protocol implements CometBFT consensus with IBC compatibility and CosmWasm smart contract support while functioning as the control plane for Bitcoin security orchestration to other BSNs.

InfiniSVM Devnet is a live hardware-accelerated blockchain achieving 340k+ TPS (targeting 1M+) with ultra-low latency and full Solana VM compatibility. Built on InfiniBand RDMA, SDN, and multi-executor architecture with hybrid POAS consensus, it enables developers to test and deploy high-throughput dApps in a sandboxed environment while maintaining atomic state transitions and strong composability across distributed microservices.

ONUS Chain is a fast, EVM-compatible blockchain built on the BNB Sidechain framework. It supports smart contracts, low-cost transactions, and DeFi apps within the ONUS ecosystem. Powered by the ONUS token, it enables seamless cross-chain operations and is fully integrated with the ONUS App.

MAP Relay Chain (Atlas) is an EVM-compatible proof-of-stake blockchain using Istanbul BFT consensus with ~5 second block times and instant transaction finality. Operating with Chain ID 22776, it serves as the relay hub and verification center within MAP Protocol's architecture, hosting light client contracts for connected blockchains and TSS contracts for cross-chain asset custody. MAPO is the native gas and staking token. Validators must stake a minimum of one million MAPO to participate in block production, with users able to delegate stake to active validators.

SKALE Network operates as a multichain blockchain platform through containerized validator nodes, enabling zero-gas Layer 1 chains with pooled security. The system provides instant finality and high throughput while maintaining EVM compatibility and native integration with Ethereum.

VinDAX Chain is an EVM-compatible blockchain network using a proof-of-authority or proof-of-work consensus mechanism with approximately a 5-second average block time. The network's native asset, VD, is used for trading and fee payments on the VinDAX exchange. The chain operates a mainnet and a testnet.

Tempo Mainnet is a Layer 1 blockchain implementing Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus for stablecoin payments, featuring dedicated payment lanes through protocol-level blockspace allocation, TIP-20 token standard for payment reconciliation, and native stablecoin DEX for automatic fee conversion. The system achieves approximately 0.5-second finality with EVM compatibility through Reth SDK integration, enabling passkey authentication, batch transactions, scheduled payments, and gas sponsorship via the EIP-2718 transaction type 0x76. Tempo supports compliance through the TIP-403 Policy Registry for policy enforcement across tokens and includes structured memo fields aligned with ISO 20022 standards for enterprise reconciliation.

HeLa Chain is a Layer 1 blockchain with modular execution, consensus, guardian, and AI layers. It offers EVM compatibility, decentralized identity, and uses a fiat‑backed stablecoin for gas.